01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook the pasta according to package directions until al dente. Drain and rinse under cold water to halt cooking. Set aside to cool completely.
02 - If using fresh corn, grill or char the ears on a hot skillet or grill grate, turning occasionally, until lightly blackened spots appear, about 5–7 minutes. Cut the kernels from the cobs. If using frozen corn, thaw completely, then pan-sear in a dry hot skillet until lightly smoky.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, combine the cooled pasta, charred corn kernels, halved cherry tomatoes, diced red onion, chopped cilantro, and jalapeño if using. Toss gently to distribute evenly.
04 - In a separate small bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream or Greek yogurt, lime juice, smoked paprika, chili powder, kosher salt, and black pepper until smooth and well blended.
05 - Pour the dressing over the pasta and vegetable mixture. Toss gently, folding from the bottom, until every component is evenly coated.
06 - Add the crumbled cotija cheese to the salad and fold it in gently so the crumbles remain partially intact throughout the mixture.
07 - Transfer the salad to a serving bowl. Top with additional chopped cilantro and arrange lime wedges alongside. Serve chilled or at room temperature.